Sorry if I have confused you a bit here, but Gm and Km have nothing to do with the Rh Blood Group System; indeed, they are not red cell antigens at all. Gm stands for gamma-marker and Km for kappa-marker. These are antibody idiotypes (antigens on the gamma and kappa parts of the antibody). Each individual makes antibodies of one type (although there may be more than one allelomorph per individual, e.g. an individual may be G1m1 and G1m2). All their antibodies, whatever the specificity, will have the same Gm type and Km type. This is why I say that, if the anti-D only shows one Gm and Km type, it is probably an immune anti-D, whereas, if there are multiple Gm and Km types, it is likely to be derived from anti-D immunoglobulin; but there could also have an underlying immune anti-D present. In other words, these idotypes can be used to rule in an immune anti-D, but not to rule out an immune anti-D. That having been said, if there are several idiotypes present, and the antibody is of low titre, it is a fair guess that it is from a dose of anti-D imunoglobulin. I hope this explanation helps! By the way, I'm not sure anyone does this on a regular basis any more. We used to do it when I was first working with Diana Brazier at the WHO Blood Group Reference Laboratory, but that was way back in the mid to late 1970s. No, I do sleep, eat, drink, etc, although my wife does moan at me from time-to-time about reading books too much, but it's a hobby and she is very understanding; I guess that's one of many reasons I love her and my 10-year-old son!!!!!! :D:D:D