Malcolm Needs

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The +s stands for strongly expressed. The expression of the P1 antigen varies considerably from person to person, but the reaction strength with anti-P1 is an inherited trait (i.e. the strength of the expression on the red cell surface). "I apologize for this dumb question." BBnoob69, NO QUESTION IS A DUMB QUESTION, IF YOU DO NOT KNOW THE ANSWER. If you don't know the answer, the dumb thing is to not ask the question in the first place. NEVER be afraid to ask a question on here,

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Hi Rich, Yes you can, and, don't forget, under BSH Guidelines, you do not have to give blood that has been tested for the Cw antigen, if the unit is compatible by IAT with the patient's plasma/serum. It is one of the few Rh antigens that can be given under these circumstances. Be aware though, that I answer this in the knowledge that you are working in the Isle of Man (i.e. the UK). This may not apply in other parts of the world (particularly Lithuania and Finland).

ALL Rh antibodies react with red cells treated with proteolytic enzymes, such as ficin, papain, trypsin and alpha-chymotrypsin (well, red cells that are expressing the cognate antigen, anyway), BUT, be careful because most monoclonal grouping reagents, including monoclonal anti-Cw, will often say to be used by either direct agglutination or by IAT, BUT NOT to be used with enzyme-treated red cells, because they can cause false positives. Most of what I have written above can be found in Reid ME, Lomas-Francis C, Olsson ML. The Blood Group Antigen FactsBook. 3rd edn, 2012. Academic Press. ISBN: 978-0-12-415849-8. The rest can be found in the manufacturer's insert, if the reagent is commercial. Hope that helps, but feel free to get back if it doesn't.

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Not happy with this. IgE is unfolded at 56oC, but, that having been said, immunoglobulins are proteins, and ALL proteins are denatured/inactivated by high temperature.

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