The problem with the investigation of rare Rh antigens (and, come to that, very common Rh antigens, such as HrB) is that approaching the problem from either the antibody or the panel direction is fraught with difficulty due to the paucity of reagents. If you are really talking about rare Rh antigens (such as, for example Cx) the only real way to address the problem is by using rare antisera (such as anti-Cx). On the other hand, if you are also talking about very common Rh antigens, the problem is somewhat easier, because you can use such antibodies as Rh29 to demonstrate that the high incidence antigen is part of the Rh Blood Group System (assuming, of course, that such a reagent is available for your use - a big assumption, I know). Once you have established that the antigen really is part of the Rh Blood Group System, you can either use specific Rh antibodies to determine whether or not the antigen is expressed on the red cells, or nowadays, it is probably just as easy (if not more so) to obtain genomic DNA from the patient and subject it to sequencing of exons 1 to 9 of the RHD and/or RHCE gene. THat having been said, however, this is not as "easy" as it sounds. THere was a paper published earlier this year (Pham B-N, Peyrard T, Juszczak G, Dubeaux I, Gien D, Blancher A, Cartron J-P, Rouger P, Le Pennec P-Y. Heterogeneous molecular background of the weak C, VS+, hrB-, HrB- phenotype in black persons. Transfusion 2009; 49: 495-504) that showed the molecular background of the weak C, VS+, hrB-, HrB- phenotype to be, quite frankly, a bit of a mess!