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And I would like to stress one thing. There is NO serological method that will allow you to detect ALL partial and weak Ds. Variant Ds come in all shapes and sizes. There are some weak Ds that have so few D antigens that the most sensitive 'normal' serological techniques will not pick them up - they will be typed as D- (including donors). On the other hand, some partial Ds have a sufficiently high number of D antigen sites that you will detect them as a normal D+ (even patients). And there are some Partial Ds that react with all commercially available Anti-D clones. So you will pull these up too as D+ (even for patients). The message behind this is - You WILL misgroup some D variant patients as D+ and you WILL misgroup some D variant donors as D-. And you have been misgrouping them for ever. Until (and if) genotyping becomes as easy, fast and cheap to do for every routine group, then you have to learn to live with it!