Is this an example of two countries separated by a common language? In Oz I suspect panel means panel of tests e.g U&E+LFT etc. I have occasionally gone as far as extended phenotype where ABO and Rh were the same - nailed one a while ago on discrepancy in S typing. We always alert the requestor that the sample "appears to be from a different patient" and suggest a redraw. This is recorded in the LIMS. We always point out the error to the phlebotomist and report to clinical governance but as yet, this has never resulted in formal disciplinary action